On the identification of jadeite in the examination of jewelry and jade

Timothy

August 30, 2022 at 6:33 am

1： Main identification characteristics and maintenance of jadeite

Maintenance
when wearing jadeite, you should pay attention to maintenance to make it last for a long time
jadeite may lose luster or even be damaged after being collided and rubbed. Each piece of jewelry should be stored separately to avoid collision and friction. Be careful not to fall when wearing
when cleaning, use warm soapy water to quickly clean the surface to remove the dust and oil stain, then use cotton dipped in alcohol to gently wipe, and finally put it in a ventilated place to dry, instead of exposure to the sun

main identification features
jadeite property: as long as you carefully observe the polished surface, you can usually see the variegated crystal interlaced structure like a flower spot, whether it is raw material or finished product. Two kinds of jadeite crystals can be seen on a piece of jadeite, one is the slightly larger granular phenocrysts, and the other is the small fibrous crystals interwoven around the phenocrysts. In general, the phenocrystallographic grain size of the same piece of jade is uniform
stone flowers: there are small clumps of white fibrous crystals interwoven together in the jadeite. The difference between this kind of stone flower and phenocryst is that phenocryst is transparent, and the stone flower is slightly transparent to opaque
Color: the color of jadeite is uneven, with different shades of green or black on the base of white, lotus root pink, oil cyan and bean green. Even on the basis of green, there are also shades
luster: jadeite has bright luster, good polishing degree, bright and soft strong glass luster
density and refractive index: the density of jadeite is high and it sinks rapidly in tribromomethane, while nephrite, serpentine jade, grape stone and quartzite jade similar to jadeite are suspended or floating in tribromomethane. The refractive index of jadeite is about 1.66 (point measurement method), while other similar jades are lower than 1.63
inclusions: the black mineral inclusions in Jadeite are mostly melted, and the grain edges are in a loose cloud shape. The green color becomes deeper around the black inclusions. It is said that "green goes with black"
strong water holding property: that is, a drop of water is dropped on the finished jadeite product, and the water bead protrusion is high
in a word, the main distinguishing features of jadeite are: uneven color and prolonged green trend; Strong glass luster with grease; Variable crystallographic interlacing structure; There is a cool feeling, and the color remains the same under Charles' mirror
II. Visual recognition of Myanmar Jadeite

I. Myanmar Jadeite is also known as jadeite jade. It was once popular at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China: for example, a jade plume tube made by Rong Lu, the Minister of the interior of the Qing Dynasty, was worth 13000 taels of gold. In the mid-1930s, Tieyu Pavilion, the Jade King in Beijing, had a pair of bracelets, which were sold to Du Yuesheng in Shanghai for 40000 silver yuan. 1.7
due to the high hardness of Myanmar Jadeite Jade (also known as water species), it is bright and clean. Moreover, good jadeite is bright and peaceful in color, with high value of preservation and collection, so it is called "king of jade". It is loved by many people who love jade and wear jade. Japan and New Zealand also regard jadeite as their "national stone". Due to the special geographical relationship that jadeite is produced in Qingdian, which is close to China, and most of the finished products are processed in China, as well as the special preference of Chinese people for jadeite, western countries also generally believe that jadeite is China's "national jade".
II. The color of Myanmar Jadeite. 1.7 the color of jadeite jade in Myanmar is slightly different due to different regional customs. In the jade kingdom of Myanmar, jadeite is divided into three categories and 12 grades. The domestic jewelry industry subdivides it into more than 30 grades according to its different colors. In general, the color tone of Qingdian jade can be roughly divided into the following six types.
1. White. And basically contains no other impurity elements.
2. Red. Containing chemical element iron (FC3 ) (commonly known as jade). <1.7
3. Green. Containing more than 2% chromium (CR) (commonly known as Cui). 1.7
4. Black. Containing more than 2% chromium (CR) and iron (Fe2 ).
5. Yellow. Tantalum containing element.
6. Purple. The element containing chromium (CR), iron (FE) and cobalt (CO). "1.7
in particular, the green in Myanmar jade can be worn regardless of identity, status, age and gender, except for its bright color and excellent durability. Therefore, it is very consistent with the Chinese people's implicit, peaceful, gentle and friendly character. Social demand is increasing. Prices have also multiplied, or even increased a hundred times. At present, the price of a green bracelet on the international market has reached more than 10 million yuan. Even the Burmese jade jewelry with a slightly lower green color is not cheap as long as it is genuine A-goods, with sufficient water head, clear technology and coordinated color
III. Myanmar jade products in the market and simple identification. <1.7
good jadeite is very limited in terms of mineral reserves and mining volume of Myanmar jade. Therefore, some speculators and profit-seeking businessmen "take advantage of the scarcity" to enter. A large number of counterfeits were fabricated and sold to make profits. Even in the jade kingdom of Myanmar, fake goods are everywhere. Fake stones and ornaments can be seen everywhere
at present, there are four types of Burmese jade popular in the market according to the level of authenticity
a goods are both natural texture and natural color. The identification method is based on the following three points. (1) think twice and act with discretion. Due to the relationship between mineral resources and mining volume and the specific conditions of large demand by people. At present, there are few good Burmese jade in the market. In particular, there are few varieties with green color and bright ground. 1.7 (2) generally, varieties such as seedling green, broccoli green, emerald or violet floating flowers are common. (1) 7 (3) under the light, the texture is fine, the color is soft, and the stone grain is obvious; Slight impact, clear and pleasant sound; There is a heavy feeling in the hands, which is obviously different from the rest of the stone. 1.7
for goods B, the jadeite jade with black spots, commonly known as "dirty", is soaked and corroded with strong acid to remove the "dirty" and "cotton" to increase the transparency, and then the epoxy resin or substitute filling material is inserted into the micro cracks caused by strong acid corrosion under high pressure to fill and consolidate the cracks. (1) 7 (1) B: the color of the goods is good at the beginning. If you observe carefully, the color will be hanging. If you observe under the lamp, the color transparency will be weakened. (1) 7 (2) B goods gradually lose their luster within two years, and are covered with cracks and become ugly. This is caused by the destruction of its original quality by strong acid. (1) 7 (3) density reduction and weight reduction. Slight impact, the sound is dull, and the clear sound of a goods is lost
goods C are completely manually colored. (1) 7 (1) at first sight, the color is not correct and evil. (1) 7 (2) when viewed under the lamp, the color does not naturally exist in the interior of the jadeite crystal, but is filled in the cracks of the mineral, showing a network distribution without color roots. (1) 7 (3) when observed with Charles color filter, green turns red or colorless. (1) 7 (4) the surface color can be removed or changed to brown by scrubbing with strong anti-aging agent
there are two main categories of d goods that impersonate jadeite jewelry. 1.7 (1) jade. That is to say, other Jadeites pretend to be Jadeites. There are mainly Thai Cuiyu, Malaysian Cuiyu, Nanyang Dushan jade, Qinghai Cuiyu, Miyu, Australian green jade and Dongling stone. The differences between the above jadeite and Myanmar Jadeite are: low hardness, low density (light weight) and weak luster. 1.7 (2) green glass and green plastic. Most of these substitutes are dull and unsightly, with weak luster. The relative density is very light, the hardness is low (it can be carved with nails), and there is no cold feeling
the above-mentioned methods are only the author's experience and experience. To truly identify, we need to rely on science and technology and advanced technology. Such as high magnification observation, measurement of density and thermal conductivity, infrared spectrum Raman test, etc

III: beware of the five traps in the jewelry market

with our testing of some commodities and further understanding of the market, we have to face the reality that there are various traps in the jewelry market
first, shoddy goods
the most common case is that the Jadeites of goods B, C and D are passed off as Jadeites of goods a. B-type jadeite is made of natural jadeite soaked in strong acid and then filled with glue. This treatment can remove the impurities inside the jadeite and improve its transparency. However, as time goes on, the aging phenomenon of the glue will appear, so that the surface of the jadeite becomes yellow and dry, and the transparency decreases. Goods C are dyed jadeite. Although the material is natural, the color is fake and will fade with time. D goods are B C goods, which are Jadeites that have been soaked, filled and dyed. According to the national standards, these processed Jadeites should be marked with the word "processing" when they are sold. However, some merchants cheat investors in order to pursue high profits and do not indicate
2. Passing the fake for the real
this is a means to deceive investors despite repeated prohibitions. The most common gems are as follows
1. Dyed quartzite pretends to be jadeite. Dyed quartz stone is commonly known as Malaysian jade, Malay jade and Malay jade. Because its color is like emerald, it is a common product imitating emerald
2. Glass pretends to be crystal. Now there are many crystal ornaments on the market, but after testing, these are only glass products. Some merchants will tell you that this is smelting crystal, but smelting crystal is also glass. It is only made by melting and solidifying the broken materials of crystal, which is different from natural crystal
3. The glass cat's eye pretends to be a natural cat's eye. Glass Cat's eye was a very popular artificial gem a few years ago. Its price is very cheap, and many people buy it back as a natural cat's eye
4. Dyed serpentine jade (Xiuyu) masquerades as "blood silk jade". I don't know when blood silk jade has appeared. Some people say it can cure all kinds of diseases. But when it was tested, it turned out to be dyed Xiuyu. It was said that the first dye used was red ink
5. Synthetic gems pretend to be natural gems. For example, synthetic cubic zirconia is sold as diamond, synthetic red and sapphire are sold as natural red and sapphire. People traveling to Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand often buy similar synthetic gems, which are also found in China, enough to attract people's attention
in addition, there are many examples of passing the fake for the real, such as imitation white jade (Nephrite), agate, coated shell imitation pearl, plastic imitation hawksbill shell and so on
III. The identification is unknown
according to the relevant national regulations, the commodity code, manufacturer, name and weight of gems and jades, name, quality and weight of precious metals and other detailed descriptions should be indicated on the commodity identification. However, some jewelry stores fail to do this
1. The naming of jewelry and jade is confusing
synthetic cubic zirconia is called white diamond, white zirconium, white gemstone, zircon, Soviet diamond, etc., which is easily confused with natural diamond and zircon
white or yellow marble is called white jade and topaz, which is easily mixed with nephrite and topaz
green jade is collectively referred to as emerald, which is easily mixed with emerald
it is named according to the color of gems. The red gems are called rubies, the blue gems are called sapphires, and the green gems are called emeralds. To be polite, gems are still natural, such as red garnet, spinel, Blue Spinel, tanzanite (zoepidote), green diopside, etc; You're welcome. It's all synthetic gems or glass
there are also some common names used to name gems. For example, purple fluorite is called soft water Amethyst, which often makes people think it is natural amethyst
2. The metal materials used are not clearly marked. Non precious metals other than gold, silver and platinum are commonly used as jewelry materials in the tourism jewelry market. The common ones are 18kg P and 14kg P, which are generally called forged gold by merchants. In fact, they are all gold-plated jewelry (GP means gold-plated). This kind of metal material often changes color when it is white, but sometimes the merchants do not explain it. Some metal materials have rough workmanship, uneven surface and light weight. It is suspected that the interior is not metal at all. Merchants do not specify, and investors are often deceived
IV. shopping guide and praise
many businesses have set up the post of shopping guide. The unscientific praise of shopping guide will greatly mislead investors. Some say that jade can nourish the skin, absorb toxins in the body, and achieve the effect of strengthening the body; Some say that the color of jade will get better and better when worn on the body, and the jade itself will grow up. Like this, the more I talk, the more divine I am
v. price trap
many businesses take advantage of the psychology of investors who like to bargain, mark the sky high price, and then bargain with investors at will, as long as it is not lower than the cost price. Most of the time, the merchants complain on the surface, but they are secretly happy. Jadeite is produced in Myanmar. Tourists like to buy things here. It is cheaper to buy jadeite in the place of origin than in China! However, I have met a man who bought an emerald bracelet in Myanmar with a price tag of 25000 yuan. He spent 2000 yuan to buy it. However, the normal price tag of this kind of emerald bracelet in China is less than 1000 yuan. There are too many such things
investors are not gemstone appraisers, and it is impossible to use professional knowledge to protect themselves from cheating. But we can completely avoid these things. To buy jewelry, you should go to a professional jewelry store or shopping mall. If you want to buy jewelry in a tourist jewelry store, you must indicate the real name of the gemstone, the name of the metal material used, the quality, the price of the jewelry and other specific information about the commodity on the invoice, and ask for the relevant identification certificate. After returning home, you can go to the jewelry testing department recognized by the state to identify the authenticity. Even if you find that the goods you buy are fake, you can also use these purchase vouchers to argue with the relevant departments

IV: selection and evaluation of jadeite

jadeite of high quality is called jadeite. Color, transparency, uniformity, shape and knocking are the methods for ordinary people to appreciate or evaluate jadeite. Jadeite is divided into glass type, dark old pit, old pit, gold wire, oil clear, bean green, flower green and melon green. Among them, the jadeite of glass type is the top grade, and the one with high moisture and good transparency is also called "ice type", which can be said to be the treasure of "glass type". Most consumers who buy jade bracelets may have this experience, that is, the merchants will knock the jade bracelet in your face to see if the sound is clear and clear without turbidity, and it is better to have a clear and melodious echo. This is to prove that the crystal of the jade is compact, the texture is good and there is no crack
1. The more delicate and green, the more valuable
2. Transparency: the crystal structure inside jadeite is tight and the texture is good, and the transparency is also high. The "glass type" we call is this kind of jadeite with high transparency. If the jade is rich in chromium, it forms ice type jadeite, which is valuable and hard to find
3. Uniform color: in addition to the delicate green color and high transparency, it is also necessary to have uniform color tone to be the top grade
4. Defects: pay attention to whether there are cracks, spots, etc. these defects will affect the quality of jadeite
5. Shape: most of the jade ring faces are oval egg shaped, while there are many other shapes. The quality and beauty of the shape also have an impact on the price of jade
I wish you happiness

3 thoughts on “On the identification of jadeite in the examination of jewelry and jade”

Miranda
August 30, 2022 at 6:33 am

In the trade of jadeite, the definitions of jadeite a, B and C goods have reached a consensus; The natural jadeite jade body without filling and coloring treatment is called a goods. For example, goods that have been filled (such as filled with high polymer) are called B goods; The mineral composition of goods B is natural jadeite, and the color is natural. However, the aging of the filled glue will affect the brightness, brightness, transparency and luster of the color. For example, the color added product is called C product, and the mineral component of C product is the component of natural jadeite. The goods with filling and coloring treatment are called B C goods. The name of jadeite B may be "Blended

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Daryl
August 30, 2022 at 6:33 am

Please estimate the total mass of the jadeite Bracelet 59.74 refractive index 1.66M density

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Timothy
August 30, 2022 at 6:33 am

1： Main identification characteristics and maintenance of jadeite

Maintenance
when wearing jadeite, you should pay attention to maintenance to make it last for a long time
jadeite may lose luster or even be damaged after being collided and rubbed. Each piece of jewelry should be stored separately to avoid collision and friction. Be careful not to fall when wearing
when cleaning, use warm soapy water to quickly clean the surface to remove the dust and oil stain, then use cotton dipped in alcohol to gently wipe, and finally put it in a ventilated place to dry, instead of exposure to the sun

main identification features
jadeite property: as long as you carefully observe the polished surface, you can usually see the variegated crystal interlaced structure like a flower spot, whether it is raw material or finished product. Two kinds of jadeite crystals can be seen on a piece of jadeite, one is the slightly larger granular phenocrysts, and the other is the small fibrous crystals interwoven around the phenocrysts. In general, the phenocrystallographic grain size of the same piece of jade is uniform
stone flowers: there are small clumps of white fibrous crystals interwoven together in the jadeite. The difference between this kind of stone flower and phenocryst is that phenocryst is transparent, and the stone flower is slightly transparent to opaque
Color: the color of jadeite is uneven, with different shades of green or black on the base of white, lotus root pink, oil cyan and bean green. Even on the basis of green, there are also shades
luster: jadeite has bright luster, good polishing degree, bright and soft strong glass luster
density and refractive index: the density of jadeite is high and it sinks rapidly in tribromomethane, while nephrite, serpentine jade, grape stone and quartzite jade similar to jadeite are suspended or floating in tribromomethane. The refractive index of jadeite is about 1.66 (point measurement method), while other similar jades are lower than 1.63
inclusions: the black mineral inclusions in Jadeite are mostly melted, and the grain edges are in a loose cloud shape. The green color becomes deeper around the black inclusions. It is said that "green goes with black"
strong water holding property: that is, a drop of water is dropped on the finished jadeite product, and the water bead protrusion is high
in a word, the main distinguishing features of jadeite are: uneven color and prolonged green trend; Strong glass luster with grease; Variable crystallographic interlacing structure; There is a cool feeling, and the color remains the same under Charles' mirror
II. Visual recognition of Myanmar Jadeite

I. Myanmar Jadeite is also known as jadeite jade. It was once popular at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China: for example, a jade plume tube made by Rong Lu, the Minister of the interior of the Qing Dynasty, was worth 13000 taels of gold. In the mid-1930s, Tieyu Pavilion, the Jade King in Beijing, had a pair of bracelets, which were sold to Du Yuesheng in Shanghai for 40000 silver yuan. 1.7
due to the high hardness of Myanmar Jadeite Jade (also known as water species), it is bright and clean. Moreover, good jadeite is bright and peaceful in color, with high value of preservation and collection, so it is called "king of jade". It is loved by many people who love jade and wear jade. Japan and New Zealand also regard jadeite as their "national stone". Due to the special geographical relationship that jadeite is produced in Qingdian, which is close to China, and most of the finished products are processed in China, as well as the special preference of Chinese people for jadeite, western countries also generally believe that jadeite is China's "national jade".
II. The color of Myanmar Jadeite. 1.7 the color of jadeite jade in Myanmar is slightly different due to different regional customs. In the jade kingdom of Myanmar, jadeite is divided into three categories and 12 grades. The domestic jewelry industry subdivides it into more than 30 grades according to its different colors. In general, the color tone of Qingdian jade can be roughly divided into the following six types.
1. White. And basically contains no other impurity elements.
2. Red. Containing chemical element iron (FC3 ) (commonly known as jade). <1.7
3. Green. Containing more than 2% chromium (CR) (commonly known as Cui). 1.7
4. Black. Containing more than 2% chromium (CR) and iron (Fe2 ).
5. Yellow. Tantalum containing element.
6. Purple. The element containing chromium (CR), iron (FE) and cobalt (CO). "1.7
in particular, the green in Myanmar jade can be worn regardless of identity, status, age and gender, except for its bright color and excellent durability. Therefore, it is very consistent with the Chinese people's implicit, peaceful, gentle and friendly character. Social demand is increasing. Prices have also multiplied, or even increased a hundred times. At present, the price of a green bracelet on the international market has reached more than 10 million yuan. Even the Burmese jade jewelry with a slightly lower green color is not cheap as long as it is genuine A-goods, with sufficient water head, clear technology and coordinated color
III. Myanmar jade products in the market and simple identification. <1.7
good jadeite is very limited in terms of mineral reserves and mining volume of Myanmar jade. Therefore, some speculators and profit-seeking businessmen "take advantage of the scarcity" to enter. A large number of counterfeits were fabricated and sold to make profits. Even in the jade kingdom of Myanmar, fake goods are everywhere. Fake stones and ornaments can be seen everywhere
at present, there are four types of Burmese jade popular in the market according to the level of authenticity
a goods are both natural texture and natural color. The identification method is based on the following three points. (1) think twice and act with discretion. Due to the relationship between mineral resources and mining volume and the specific conditions of large demand by people. At present, there are few good Burmese jade in the market. In particular, there are few varieties with green color and bright ground. 1.7 (2) generally, varieties such as seedling green, broccoli green, emerald or violet floating flowers are common. (1) 7 (3) under the light, the texture is fine, the color is soft, and the stone grain is obvious; Slight impact, clear and pleasant sound; There is a heavy feeling in the hands, which is obviously different from the rest of the stone. 1.7
for goods B, the jadeite jade with black spots, commonly known as "dirty", is soaked and corroded with strong acid to remove the "dirty" and "cotton" to increase the transparency, and then the epoxy resin or substitute filling material is inserted into the micro cracks caused by strong acid corrosion under high pressure to fill and consolidate the cracks. (1) 7 (1) B: the color of the goods is good at the beginning. If you observe carefully, the color will be hanging. If you observe under the lamp, the color transparency will be weakened. (1) 7 (2) B goods gradually lose their luster within two years, and are covered with cracks and become ugly. This is caused by the destruction of its original quality by strong acid. (1) 7 (3) density reduction and weight reduction. Slight impact, the sound is dull, and the clear sound of a goods is lost
goods C are completely manually colored. (1) 7 (1) at first sight, the color is not correct and evil. (1) 7 (2) when viewed under the lamp, the color does not naturally exist in the interior of the jadeite crystal, but is filled in the cracks of the mineral, showing a network distribution without color roots. (1) 7 (3) when observed with Charles color filter, green turns red or colorless. (1) 7 (4) the surface color can be removed or changed to brown by scrubbing with strong anti-aging agent
there are two main categories of d goods that impersonate jadeite jewelry. 1.7 (1) jade. That is to say, other Jadeites pretend to be Jadeites. There are mainly Thai Cuiyu, Malaysian Cuiyu, Nanyang Dushan jade, Qinghai Cuiyu, Miyu, Australian green jade and Dongling stone. The differences between the above jadeite and Myanmar Jadeite are: low hardness, low density (light weight) and weak luster. 1.7 (2) green glass and green plastic. Most of these substitutes are dull and unsightly, with weak luster. The relative density is very light, the hardness is low (it can be carved with nails), and there is no cold feeling
the above-mentioned methods are only the author's experience and experience. To truly identify, we need to rely on science and technology and advanced technology. Such as high magnification observation, measurement of density and thermal conductivity, infrared spectrum Raman test, etc

III: beware of the five traps in the jewelry market

with our testing of some commodities and further understanding of the market, we have to face the reality that there are various traps in the jewelry market
first, shoddy goods
the most common case is that the Jadeites of goods B, C and D are passed off as Jadeites of goods a. B-type jadeite is made of natural jadeite soaked in strong acid and then filled with glue. This treatment can remove the impurities inside the jadeite and improve its transparency. However, as time goes on, the aging phenomenon of the glue will appear, so that the surface of the jadeite becomes yellow and dry, and the transparency decreases. Goods C are dyed jadeite. Although the material is natural, the color is fake and will fade with time. D goods are B C goods, which are Jadeites that have been soaked, filled and dyed. According to the national standards, these processed Jadeites should be marked with the word "processing" when they are sold. However, some merchants cheat investors in order to pursue high profits and do not indicate
2. Passing the fake for the real
this is a means to deceive investors despite repeated prohibitions. The most common gems are as follows
1. Dyed quartzite pretends to be jadeite. Dyed quartz stone is commonly known as Malaysian jade, Malay jade and Malay jade. Because its color is like emerald, it is a common product imitating emerald
2. Glass pretends to be crystal. Now there are many crystal ornaments on the market, but after testing, these are only glass products. Some merchants will tell you that this is smelting crystal, but smelting crystal is also glass. It is only made by melting and solidifying the broken materials of crystal, which is different from natural crystal
3. The glass cat's eye pretends to be a natural cat's eye. Glass Cat's eye was a very popular artificial gem a few years ago. Its price is very cheap, and many people buy it back as a natural cat's eye
4. Dyed serpentine jade (Xiuyu) masquerades as "blood silk jade". I don't know when blood silk jade has appeared. Some people say it can cure all kinds of diseases. But when it was tested, it turned out to be dyed Xiuyu. It was said that the first dye used was red ink
5. Synthetic gems pretend to be natural gems. For example, synthetic cubic zirconia is sold as diamond, synthetic red and sapphire are sold as natural red and sapphire. People traveling to Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand often buy similar synthetic gems, which are also found in China, enough to attract people's attention
in addition, there are many examples of passing the fake for the real, such as imitation white jade (Nephrite), agate, coated shell imitation pearl, plastic imitation hawksbill shell and so on
III. The identification is unknown
according to the relevant national regulations, the commodity code, manufacturer, name and weight of gems and jades, name, quality and weight of precious metals and other detailed descriptions should be indicated on the commodity identification. However, some jewelry stores fail to do this
1. The naming of jewelry and jade is confusing
synthetic cubic zirconia is called white diamond, white zirconium, white gemstone, zircon, Soviet diamond, etc., which is easily confused with natural diamond and zircon
white or yellow marble is called white jade and topaz, which is easily mixed with nephrite and topaz
green jade is collectively referred to as emerald, which is easily mixed with emerald
it is named according to the color of gems. The red gems are called rubies, the blue gems are called sapphires, and the green gems are called emeralds. To be polite, gems are still natural, such as red garnet, spinel, Blue Spinel, tanzanite (zoepidote), green diopside, etc; You're welcome. It's all synthetic gems or glass
there are also some common names used to name gems. For example, purple fluorite is called soft water Amethyst, which often makes people think it is natural amethyst
2. The metal materials used are not clearly marked. Non precious metals other than gold, silver and platinum are commonly used as jewelry materials in the tourism jewelry market. The common ones are 18kg P and 14kg P, which are generally called forged gold by merchants. In fact, they are all gold-plated jewelry (GP means gold-plated). This kind of metal material often changes color when it is white, but sometimes the merchants do not explain it. Some metal materials have rough workmanship, uneven surface and light weight. It is suspected that the interior is not metal at all. Merchants do not specify, and investors are often deceived
IV. shopping guide and praise
many businesses have set up the post of shopping guide. The unscientific praise of shopping guide will greatly mislead investors. Some say that jade can nourish the skin, absorb toxins in the body, and achieve the effect of strengthening the body; Some say that the color of jade will get better and better when worn on the body, and the jade itself will grow up. Like this, the more I talk, the more divine I am
v. price trap
many businesses take advantage of the psychology of investors who like to bargain, mark the sky high price, and then bargain with investors at will, as long as it is not lower than the cost price. Most of the time, the merchants complain on the surface, but they are secretly happy. Jadeite is produced in Myanmar. Tourists like to buy things here. It is cheaper to buy jadeite in the place of origin than in China! However, I have met a man who bought an emerald bracelet in Myanmar with a price tag of 25000 yuan. He spent 2000 yuan to buy it. However, the normal price tag of this kind of emerald bracelet in China is less than 1000 yuan. There are too many such things
investors are not gemstone appraisers, and it is impossible to use professional knowledge to protect themselves from cheating. But we can completely avoid these things. To buy jewelry, you should go to a professional jewelry store or shopping mall. If you want to buy jewelry in a tourist jewelry store, you must indicate the real name of the gemstone, the name of the metal material used, the quality, the price of the jewelry and other specific information about the commodity on the invoice, and ask for the relevant identification certificate. After returning home, you can go to the jewelry testing department recognized by the state to identify the authenticity. Even if you find that the goods you buy are fake, you can also use these purchase vouchers to argue with the relevant departments

IV: selection and evaluation of jadeite

jadeite of high quality is called jadeite. Color, transparency, uniformity, shape and knocking are the methods for ordinary people to appreciate or evaluate jadeite. Jadeite is divided into glass type, dark old pit, old pit, gold wire, oil clear, bean green, flower green and melon green. Among them, the jadeite of glass type is the top grade, and the one with high moisture and good transparency is also called "ice type", which can be said to be the treasure of "glass type". Most consumers who buy jade bracelets may have this experience, that is, the merchants will knock the jade bracelet in your face to see if the sound is clear and clear without turbidity, and it is better to have a clear and melodious echo. This is to prove that the crystal of the jade is compact, the texture is good and there is no crack
1. The more delicate and green, the more valuable
2. Transparency: the crystal structure inside jadeite is tight and the texture is good, and the transparency is also high. The "glass type" we call is this kind of jadeite with high transparency. If the jade is rich in chromium, it forms ice type jadeite, which is valuable and hard to find
3. Uniform color: in addition to the delicate green color and high transparency, it is also necessary to have uniform color tone to be the top grade
4. Defects: pay attention to whether there are cracks, spots, etc. these defects will affect the quality of jadeite
5. Shape: most of the jade ring faces are oval egg shaped, while there are many other shapes. The quality and beauty of the shape also have an impact on the price of jade
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